Social technology of forced movement in the USSR: problems of interethnic relations. 1917 1953

Abstract

1922 marks the 100th anniversary of the Soviet Union, the state, the formation of which was based on the principles of equality of peoples, the organization of a socialist economic system, the revival of the culture of ethnic communities of peoples, the formation of their communities on a new basis.

Of course, a country in which a difficult economic situation was noted, especially taking into account the just ended Civil War (1918 - 1922), and on the outskirts (the Far East, etc.) it was still going on, had to experience new difficulties that had to be overcome in different conditions on a national scale, a new state association - the Soviet Union.

There was also a solution to such an important task as the formation of self-awareness and national consciousness of citizens. These priority areas came to the fore in the construction of a new statehood, their implementation saw both victories and losses on its way. Nevertheless, the development of social processes in the new state required the introduction of certain adjustments, a departure from the proclaimed slogans of the socialist revolution, for the triumph of which the workers and peasants fought both in 1917 and during the war years. And already in 1918, methods based on the use of punitive measures began to be used in practice. This article is devoted to how these processes took place, their development in the USSR. The material is considered on the example of the Kazakh SSR and the republics of Central Asia, regions that have received hundreds of thousands of representatives of many ethnic communities.